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| 如何治(zhi)理新污染(ran)物？陜西加快推(tui)進六個方面重點任務，已完成首輪(lun)信息統計調查 |
| 發表時間：2023-12-22 15:05:47 作者：admin |
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2023年12月(yue)21日，陜西(xi)省生態環境(jing)廳舉行新聞發(fa)布會，介紹(shao)全(quan)省固體(ti)廢物與(yu)化學品(pin)環境(jing)管理工作有關情況(kuang)。發(fa)布會上有哪些精彩問答(da)？鹮鹮帶你來(lai)盤點~
環境保護雜志(zhi)社(she)
請簡要介紹一(yi)下新(xin)污染(ran)物的概念，以及我(wo)省在開展新(xin)污染(ran)物治理(li)方(fang)面所做的工作。
省(sheng)生態環境(jing)廳固體廢物與化學品處(chu)(chu)副處(chu)(chu)長閆陽：
我首(shou)先介紹一下(xia)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義和(he)(he)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義。國家從管(guan)理(li)角度(du)對新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作了界定(ding)，即新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不同于常規污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，指新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)近發現(xian)或(huo)被關注(zhu)，對生態(tai)環境或(huo)人(ren)體健(jian)康存在(zai)風險，尚未納入管(guan)理(li)或(huo)者現(xian)有管(guan)理(li)措施不足以有效防控其風險的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。目前較為(wei)廣泛關注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)主要(yao)有四大類，分別是(shi)(shi)持(chi)久性有機污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、內分泌(mi)干(gan)擾物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、抗(kang)生素和(he)(he)微塑料。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。之所以稱為(wei)“新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)”，一方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)相對于大家熟悉的(de)(de)(de)如(ru)二氧化硫、氮氧化物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，PM2.5等常規污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)而(er)言；另一方(fang)面(mian)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類繁(fan)多，更重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)“新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)”是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)其種(zhong)類還(huan)可能會持(chi)續(xu)增加。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，擁有不同于傳統(tong)和(he)(he)常規污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)一些(xie)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)特(te)(te)性，主要(yao)包括隱蔽(bi)性、持(chi)久性、危害大、不易治理(li)等特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)治理(li)是(shi)(shi)生態(tai)文明(ming)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)領域，是(shi)(shi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治攻堅戰向縱(zong)深(shen)推進的(de)(de)(de)必然結(jie)果，是(shi)(shi)生態(tai)環境質量持(chi)續(xu)改善進程中的(de)(de)(de)內在(zai)要(yao)求，具有十分重大的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)實(shi)意(yi)義。
為扎實(shi)推(tui)進我(wo)省(sheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)工作，2022年11月，省(sheng)政(zheng)府(fu)辦公廳印發了《陜西省(sheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)工作方案(an)》，《方案(an)》明確以下六個方面(mian)(mian)重點任(ren)務：一是(shi)(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)制度和管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機(ji)制建(jian)設(she)，建(jian)立跨部門新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)協調機(ji)制，按照省(sheng)負總責、市縣落(luo)(luo)實(shi)的(de)原(yuan)則，完(wan)善(shan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機(ji)制，全面(mian)(mian)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)屬地責任(ren)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)化學物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)環(huan)境(jing)信(xin)息統計調查，建(jian)立新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)環(huan)境(jing)調查監測體(ti)系，開展(zhan)化學物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)環(huan)境(jing)風險(xian)篩(shai)查與評估，制定并(bing)發布重點管(guan)(guan)控(kong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)清單(dan)。三是(shi)(shi)嚴格實(shi)施(shi)限制或(huo)淘汰措施(shi)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)產品認證(zheng)和標識管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)快推(tui)進汞的(de)淘汰和替代，優先從源頭(tou)控(kong)制新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)產生。四是(shi)(shi)推(tui)進清潔生產和綠色制造，開展(zhan)涉(she)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)損害賠償試(shi)點。規范抗生素類(lei)藥品使(shi)用(yong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)農藥使(shi)用(yong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，對生產、使(shi)用(yong)過程加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)。五是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)化新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)環(huan)境(jing)介質(zhi)協同治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)含特定新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)收集利用(yong)處置(zhi)，開展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)試(shi)點工程，加(jia)大(da)(da)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)末端治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)力(li)度。六是(shi)(shi)加(jia)大(da)(da)科技支撐力(li)度，提升新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)科技、治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)基礎保障以及(ji)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)基礎能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)。
在這六項任務中，化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息統(tong)計(ji)(ji)調(diao)查(cha)是落實新(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)治理的(de)(de)一項基礎性(xing)工(gong)作(zuo)。2023年，我省(sheng)(sheng)完成了(le)首輪690家企業化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息統(tong)計(ji)(ji)調(diao)查(cha)。按照《化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息統(tong)計(ji)(ji)調(diao)查(cha)制度》和《陜西省(sheng)(sheng)新(xin)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)工(gong)作(zuo)方案》有關(guan)要求，調(diao)查(cha)內容包括(kuo)調(diao)查(cha)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)產、加工(gong)、使用的(de)(de)基本信(xin)(xin)(xin)息、詳(xiang)細(xi)(xi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息、重點管(guan)(guan)控信(xin)(xin)(xin)息、公約(yue)(yue)履約(yue)(yue)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息。調(diao)查(cha)范圍一是基本環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)共(gong)計(ji)(ji)3960類，二是詳(xiang)細(xi)(xi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息調(diao)查(cha)的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)共(gong)計(ji)(ji)40類，三是重點管(guan)(guan)控信(xin)(xin)(xin)息調(diao)查(cha)的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)共(gong)計(ji)(ji)14類，四是公約(yue)(yue)履約(yue)(yue)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息調(diao)查(cha)的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)，包括(kuo)全氟辛基磺酸(suan)類化(hua)合物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、十溴二苯(ben)醚、短鏈氯化(hua)石蠟、全氟辛酸(suan)及其鹽類和相關(guan)化(hua)合物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等持(chi)久(jiu)性(xing)有機污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，以(yi)及汞(gong)和汞(gong)化(hua)合物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。同時，結合國家列入優先評估計(ji)(ji)劃的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)名單(dan)，進一步開展有關(guan)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)產、加工(gong)使用、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)排(pai)放數量及途徑、危害(hai)特性(xing)等詳(xiang)細(xi)(xi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息調(diao)查(cha)。
通(tong)過開(kai)(kai)展首(shou)輪化(hua)學物(wu)質環(huan)境(jing)信息統(tong)計調查，為我省掌(zhang)握(wo)高關注化(hua)學物(wu)質產業分布狀況，后續開(kai)(kai)展化(hua)學物(wu)質環(huan)境(jing)風險篩查、評(ping)估(gu)、管控提供了詳實(shi)的(de)數據(ju)支撐。
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